01.
Wvqv‡ewUm wK?
Avgv‡`i kix‡i cywó I kw³ †hvMvq Lv`¨| Lv‡`¨i cÖavb Dcv`cvb n‡”Q
Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU ev †k¦Zmvi| fvZ, রুwU, Avjy, Wvj, mwâ, dj, wPwb BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g
Avgiv GB †k¦Zmvi MªnY Kwi hv Avgv‡`i ˆ`wbw›`b Lvevi Gi 60-70 fvM| kix‡ii †fZi
†k¦Zmvi nRg n‡q wPwb Ges †kl ch©š— My‡Kv‡R cwiewZ©Z nq| My‡KvR †Kv‡li †fZ‡i
R¡vjvbxi KvR K‡i A_©vr kw³ †hvMvq| Lv‡`¨i Ab¨vb¨ g~j Dcv`b A_©vr kw³ †hvMvq|
Lv‡`¨i Ab¨vb¨ g~j Dcv`vb A_©vr †cÖvwUb I Pwe© nR‡gi ci h_vµ‡g A¨vgvB‡bv GwmW I
d¨vwU Gwm‡W cwiYZ nq| kw³ Drcv`b QvovI Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq KvR †hgb e„w×, MVb
BZ¨vw`i Rb¨ Giv Rরুix| †k¦Zmvi nR‡gi ci My‡Kv‡R cwiYZ n‡q i‡³ cÖ‡ek K‡i Ges
cieZ©x‡Z Bbmywjb bvgK ni‡gv‡bi mvnv‡h¨ †Kv‡li †fZi cÖ‡ek K‡i| Bbmywjb Avgv‡`i
†c‡Ui wfZ‡i Aew¯’Z c¨vbwµqvm ev AMœvkq bv‡gi A½ †_‡K ˆZix nq| Gi KvR A‡bKUv
†mZzi gZ hvi gva¨‡g My‡KvR i³‡mªvZ †_‡K †Kv‡li †fZi cÖ‡ek K‡i Ges Zvici Zv
†f‡½ kw³‡Z cwiYZ nq| myZivs Bbmywjb Qvov kw³ Drcbœ n‡Z cv‡i bv|
Bbmywj‡bi Afve n‡j A_ev Bbmywjb wVKfv‡e KvR Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j i‡³ cÖPzi
My‡KvR _vK‡jI Zv †Kvl cÖvPxi AwZµg K‡i †Kv‡li wfZi XyK‡Z cv‡i bv| G¸‡jv i‡³B
‡_‡K hvq Ges R‡g| Gfv‡e i‡³ My‡KvR R‡g †h Ae¯’vi m„wó nq Zv‡K Wvqv‡ewUm e‡j|
GQvovI Avgiv hLb Afy³ Ae¯’vq _vwK ZLb wjfvi †_‡K My‡KvR ˆZix nq Ges Zv
kix‡ii Pvwn`v c~iY K‡i| Wvqv‡ewU‡m Av³vš— e¨w³i GB My‡KvR ˆZix Kivi nvi
¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vi PvB‡Z †ekx| i‡³ hLb cÖPzi My‡KvR R‡g Ges My‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv wbw`ó©
mxgv Qvwo‡q hvq ZLb Zv wKWbxi gva¨‡g cÖkªv‡e Dc‡P co‡Z ïরু K‡i| ïaygvÎ My‡KvR bq Wvqv‡ewUm n‡j Pwe© (d¨vwU GwmW) I
†cÖvwUb (A¨vgvB‡bv GwmW) nRg I cwienb e¨e¯’vI e¨vnZ nq|
02. Wvqv‡ewUm gnvgvix
1985 mv‡ji wnmve Abyhvqx we‡k¦ Wvqv‡ewUK †ivMxi msL¨v wQj cÖvq 3 †KvwU,
Avi GLb †mUv `vuwo‡q‡Q 25 †KvwU‡Z| Wvqv‡ewUm, we‡klZ UvBc 2 Wvqv‡ewUm
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai GLbB Kvh©Ki D‡`¨M bv wb‡j GB msL¨v 2025 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 38 †KvwU Qvwo‡q
hv‡e e‡j AvksKv Kiv n‡”Q| GB e„w×i Rb¨ `vqx g~jZ RbmsL¨v we‡ùviY, eva©K¨ I
cÖexb‡`i msL¨ve„w×, bMivqY Ges Zvi wewfbœ cÖfve, A¯^v¯’¨Ki Lv`¨MÖnY Ges kvixwiK
cwikª‡gi Afve| G †ivM wkï-wK‡kvi‡`iI nv‡Z cv‡i|
03. Wvqv‡ewUm †iv‡Mi j¶Y
AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB †Kvb j¶Y cÖKvk cvq bv eiq i³ cix¶vq †ivM aiv c‡i|
Wvqv‡ewU‡m Avµvন্ত nIqv m‡Z¡I cÖvq 50% †ivMxB Rv‡bb bv †h Zv‡`i Wvqv‡ewUm Av‡Q|
mvaviY j¶Y¸‡jv:
AvKvi‡Y K¬vন্ত‡বva Kiv, evi evi cÖmve nIqv, cvwb wccvmv †e‡o hvIqv, ¶zav
†e‡o hvIqv, †K‡U †M‡j mn‡R bv ï‡Kv‡bv, evi evi Nv, †dvpv nIqv, `„wó Svcmv nIqv,
cv wSb wSb Kiv, IRb K‡g hvIqv BZ¨vw`|
04. Kv‡`i Wvqv‡ewUm n‡Z cv‡i
1) ¯’yjZv, A_©vr hv‡`i IRb AwZwi³, †c‡U fywi ¯^vfvwe‡Ki PvB‡Z †ewk|
2) hv‡`i esk Wvqv‡ewUm Av‡Q A_©vr evev, gv, fvB, †evb BZ¨vw`|
3) cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq †ewk Lvevi Lvb hviv, we‡klZ Pwe© RvZxq Lvevi,
dv÷dzW, wgwó BZ¨vw`|
4) kvixwiK cwikªg hviv Kg K‡ib|
5) hviv eûw`b †÷i‡qW RvZxq Ilya MÖnY K‡ib|
05. Wvqv‡ewU‡mi RwUjZv
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi †ivMx‡`i GKwU eo Ask bvbv ai‡b `xN©‡gqv`x RwUjZvq Avµvন্ত
nb| `xN©w`‡bi Awbqwš¿Z Wvqv‡ewUm gvby‡li
`xN©‡gq`x Amy¯’Zv, A½nvwb, cy½yZ¡ GgbwK g„Zz¨i m¤¢vebv evovq| mvaviYZ i³bvjxi
†`qv‡ji cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ GB RwUjZv¸‡jv ˆZwi nq| D”P i³Pvc, aygcvb, i‡³ Pwe©i
AvwaK¨ RwUjZv¸‡iv SzuwK evwo‡q †`q|
1)
ü`‡ivM (nvU© GUvK):
¯^vfvweK gvby‡li Zzjbvq Wvqv‡ewU‡mi †ivMx‡`i ü`‡ivM (nvU© GUvK) Avµvন্ত
nevi m¤¢ebv `yB †_‡K wZb ¸b|
2)
†óªvK:
gwস্ত‡¯‹ i³ PjvPj e¨vnZ n‡q †ivMx †óªv‡K Avµvন্ত nb Ges kix‡i †Kvb Ask
Aek n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i|
3)
cv‡qi †ivM:
mœvqy ev bvf© ¶wZMÖ¯’ n‡qvi d‡j cv‡qi Abyf~wZ K‡g hvq A_ev bvbv ai‡Yi
hš¿bv n‡Z cv‡i| i³ PjvPj K‡g Avmvq A‡bK mgq ¶Z ïiরু nq Ges Zv †_‡K cPb ev
M¨vswMÖb n‡Z cv‡i|
4)
‡Pv‡Li bvbv mgm¨v:
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi †Pv‡Li †ivwUbvi m~¶ i³bvjx Avµvš— nq| d‡j i³¶iY mn bvb
RwUjZvq `„wókw³ K‡g hvq|
5)
mœvqy mgm¨v:
`xN©w`b i‡³ myMvi Gi gvÎv †ewk _vK‡j mœvqy‡Z i³ mieivnKvix i³bvjx
Avক্রান্ত nq| d‡j nvZ cv‡q Abyf~wZ K‡g hvIqv, wSg wSg Kiv e¨v_v †e`bvmn bvbv DcmM©
†`Lv †`q|
6)
wKWbx mgm¨v:
wKWbx weKj nIqvi cÖavbZg KviY Wvqv‡ewUm| cÖv_wgK Ae¯’vq Avক্রান্ত wKWbxi
gva¨‡g kix‡ii ‡cÖvwUb †ewi‡q hvq Ges cwieZ©x‡Z µgk i³ cwi‡kvab Kivi ¶gZv
cy‡ivcywi n«vm cvq| G‡K †ibvj †dBwjDi e‡j Ges Gi †kl Ae¯’vq WvqvjvBwmm Qvov
†ivMx‡K evuPv‡bvi Avi †Kvb weKí Ae¯’v _v‡K bv|
7)
wjfvi Gi Amyweav:
wjfvi Pwe© R‡g Kg©¶gZv K‡g hvq| ‡ewk cwigvY Pwe© Rgvi g~j KviY kix‡ii
AR‡bi AvwaK¨ Ges Awbqwš¿Z Wvqv‡ewUm|
8)
Z¡‡Ki mgm¨v:
Awbqwš¿Z myMvi Gi d‡j Z¡‡Ki msµgY †e‡o hvq| eve evi †dvov, QÎv‡Ki
AvµgY, bv ïKv‡bv Nv, PzjKvwb GB mgm¨v¸‡jv evi evi n‡Z _v‡K|
9)
‡hŠb mgm¨v
cyilv½ i³ PjvPj I mœvqy cwienb e¨vnZ nq, d‡j Awb”Qv, `„pZvi Afve †_‡K
ïরু K‡i A¶gZv †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i|
Kv‡RB †`Lv hv‡”Q kix‡i Ggb †Kvb A½ †bB hv Wvqv‡ewUm RwbZ RwUjZvq Avµvন্ত
nq bv|
06. Wvqv‡ewUm wbY©‡qi cix¶v :
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi †Kvb j¶Y †`Lv w`‡j A_ev wbw`ó© eqm (†hgb 40 eQi) AwZµg Ki‡j
i³ cix¶v K‡i myMvi Gi gvÎv Rvbv AwZ Rরুix| i‡³ My‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv gvcv nq Pvi
fv‡e-
1)
mKv‡j Nyg †_‡K D‡V Lvwj‡c‡j
i‡³i myMvi cix¶v Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi Av‡M Aন্তZ 8 N›Uv Afy³ Ae¯’vq _vKv Rরুix|
2)
Lvevi 2 N›Uv ci myMvi Gi
gvÎv wba©viY| mKv‡j ¯^vfvweK bv¯—v Kivi 2 N›Uv ci cix¶v Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Z‡e Av`k©
n‡”Q 75 MÖvg My‡KvR 1 Mvm (250 wgwj) cvwb‡Z ¸‡j Lvevi 2 N›Uv ci cix¶v Kiv|
3)
w`‡bi †h †Kvb mg‡q i‡³i
myMvi Gi gvÎv wba©viY K‡iI A‡bK †¶‡Î Wvqv‡ewUm wbb©q Kiv hvq|
07. Wvqv‡ewU‡mi wPwKrmv:
mvaviYfv‡e †ivM wbivgq ej‡Z hv ‡evSvq A_©vr m¤ú~Y© wbg~©j Kiv Zv wKš‘
m¤¢e bq| wbqwš¿Z Ae¯’vq Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx m¤ú~Y© my¯’¨, mwµq Rxeb hvcb m¶g Ges
¸রুZ¡c~Y© A½¸‡jvi (†eªBb, nvU, wKWbx, †PvL, mœvqy BZ¨vw`) RwUjZv Avq‡Ë ivLv
m¤¢e nq|
Wvqv‡ewUm wbqš¿‡Yi g~j A¯¿ n‡jv t
k„sLjv I wk¶v
v
kvix‡ii mwVK IRb
v
mwVK Lv`¨
v
e¨vqvg I kvixwiK cwikªg
v
Ilya
v
wbqwgZ wPwKrm‡Ki civgk©
08. e¨vqvg I kvixwiK cwikªg:
wbqwgZ e¨vqvg ïay Wvqv‡ewUm wbqš¿‡Y bq, cÖwZ‡iv‡aI mvnvh¨ K‡i| e¨vqvg
ev kvixwiK cwikªg Bbmywj‡bi ¶gZv evovq Ges My‡KvR e¨venv‡ii nvi e„w× K‡i| Pwe©
Kgvi d‡j gvsm‡ckx my¯’¨, ¯^vfvweK I Kg©¶g _v‡K, Lvivc ‡Kv‡jvóij K‡g, nvo
kw³kvjx nq, fvj Nyg nq, AvZœwek¦vm ev‡o, gvbwmK Pvc wbqš¿Y mnR nq| we‡klfv‡e
g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †hme Wvqv‡ewU‡m cÖavb mgm¨ kix‡ii wVKgZ Bbmywjb e¨envi Ki‡Z bv
cviv †mLv‡b Dchy³ e¨vqv‡gi gva¨‡g Wvqv‡ewUm A‡bK mgq m¤ú~Y© fv‡e `~i n‡q ‡h‡Z
cv‡i|
09. Wvqv‡ewU‡m Lvevi wbqg:
Wvqv‡ewU‡m wK Lve Avi wK Lve bv
GB cÖkœ mK‡ji| KviY Lvev‡ii aiY Ges cwigv‡Yi Dci i‡³ গ্লু‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv A‡bKUv
wbf©i K‡i| †ivMxi eqm, IRb, †iv‡Mi aib, Rxeb c×wZ, †ckv, cwikªg GB iKg bvbv
welq‡K gv_vq †iv‡L Lvevi `vev‡i wKQz cwieZ©b Avb‡Z nq| Z‡e AvZswKZ nIqvi wKQz
†bB| KviY Wvqv‡ewU‡m আক্রান্ত gvby‡li Lvevi nj ¯^v¯’¨Ki Lvevi hv my¯’¨‡¯’¨i Rb¨
cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡miB LvIqv DwPr|
Lvev‡ii †¶‡Î g~jbxwZ¸‡jv nj:
1)
mgqgZ Lv‡e A_©¨r hLb Lywk
ZLb Lv‡eb bv| mvivw`‡bi cÖavb Lvevi mKvj, `ycyi I iv‡Zi wbw`©ó mgq MÖnY Ki‡eb
Ges Gi gvSLv‡b nvjKv bv¯—v Ki‡eb| `xN© mgq bv †L‡q _vK‡eb bv| cÖwZevi Lvevi Gi
cwigvY †gvUvgywU GKB ivLvi †Pó Ki‡eb|
2)
‡ewk Avuk Av‡Q Ggb †k¦Zmvi
Lvevi Lv‡eb | fvZ, রুwUi †¶‡Î K¨vjwii wnmve Abyhvqx eivÏUzKz MÖnY Ki‡eb| kvK,
mvjv`, Wvj, gUiïwU, mxg RvZxq Lvevi Avuk mg„× nIqvq Zv LyeB DcKvix|
3)
Pwe© RvZxq Lvevi Gwo‡q Pjyb
†hgb †Zj, wN, gvLb, gvs‡mi Pwe© BZ¨vw`| fvRv Lvevi (civUv, mgyPv, wmsMviv, cywi
BZ¨vw`) i‡³i My‡KvU I Pwe© `yB evovq|
4)
wPwb Ges wPwb w`‡q ˆZix
Lvevi (cv‡qm, †mgvB, nvjyqv, wgwó, mywR, AvBmµxg BZ¨vw`) ev` w`b|
5)
jeb Kg Lv‡e| we‡klZ Lvevi
MÖn‡Yi mgq evowZ jeb G‡Kev‡iB ev` †`‡eb|
Wvqv‡ewU‡mi Ilya:
RxebhvÎv I Lv`¨ MÖn‡Y k„sLjv wPwKrmvi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask n‡jI GK ch©v‡q
Ily‡ai cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| Ilya¸‡jv `yB ai‡Yi gy‡L Lvevi U¨ve‡jU Ges Bbmywjb hv
Bb‡RKk‡bi gva¨‡g Pvgovi bx‡P MªnY Ki‡Z nq|
10. IRb :
Avgv‡`i †`‡k †h ai‡Yi Wvqv‡ewU‡mi cÖ‡Kvc †ewk (UvBc Uz) Zv‡`i GKUv eo
Ask IR‡bi AwaK¨ ev ¯’yjZvq fy‡M _v‡Kb| IRb wbqš¿Y ïay Wvqv‡ewUm bq eiÂ
`xN©‡gqv`x †ivM¸‡jv wbqš¿‡Yi Rb¨ Rরুix| †hgb nv‡U©i AmyL, evW †cÖmvi, †óªvK,
i‡³ Pwe©i AvwaK¨, evZ e¨_v BZ¨vw`|
